Ransomware is a type of malware that encrypts a victim’s files. The attackers then demand a ransom from the victim to restore access to the files, hence the ransomware.
It can be devastating for businesses, resulting in lost productivity and revenue.
Here is a list of some of the most devastating ransomware.
- WannaCry: This ransomware encrypts the victim’s files and demands payment in exchange for the decryption key. It spreads through a vulnerability in older versions of the Windows operating system.
- Cryptolocker: This ransomware encrypts the victim’s files and demands payment in exchange for the decryption key. It spreads through email attachments and infected websites.
- Petya/NotPetya: This ransomware encrypts the victim’s hard drive and demands payment in exchange for the decryption key. It spreads through email attachments and infected websites.
- Locky: This ransomware encrypts the victim’s files and demands payment in exchange for the decryption key. It spreads through email attachments and infected websites.
- Cerber: This ransomware encrypts the victim’s files and demands payment in exchange for the decryption key. It spreads through email attachments and infected websites.
- Ryuk: This ransomware encrypts the victim’s files and demands payment in exchange for the decryption key. It is typically targeted at large organizations and spreads through email attachments and infected websites.
- Bad Rabbit: This ransomware encrypts the victim’s files and demands payment in exchange for the decryption key. It spreads through infected websites and drive-by downloads.
- ExPetr/Petya/NotPetya: This ransomware encrypts the victim’s hard drive and demands payment in exchange for the decryption key. It spreads through email attachments and infected websites.
- LockerGoga: This ransomware encrypts the victim’s files and demands payment in exchange for the decryption key. It is typically targeted at large organizations and spreads through remote desktop protocol (RDP) connections.
- Maze: This ransomware encrypts the victim’s files and demands payment in exchange for the decryption key. It also threatens publicly release the victim’s data if the ransom is not paid. It spreads through email attachments and infected websites.
Ways Ransomware can Spread
Ransomware can spread. One standard method is phishing emails. Attackers will send a seemingly legitimate email with an attachment or link, which, when clicked, will install the ransomware on the victim’s computer.
Ransomware can also spread through malicious websites, infected software downloads, and even through physical means such as USB drives.
Once infected with ransomware, the malware typically encrypts files on the victim’s computer and any connected devices, such as external hard drives.
The attackers will then demand a ransom from the victim to restore access to the encrypted files. The ransom is usually required in cryptocurrency, such as Bitcoin, as it allows for a certain degree of anonymity.
There are several types of ransomware, including “locker” ransomware, which locks the victim out of their computer.
Scareware attempts to scare the victim into paying the ransom by claiming that the victim uses his computer for illegal activities.
Some ransomware will also display a countdown clock, threatening to delete the victim’s files if the victim does not pay the ransom within a specific timeframe.
One of the biggest challenges in dealing with ransomware attacks is that there is often no way to decrypt the victim’s files without paying the ransom.
Left with the difficult decision of whether or not to pay the ransom. Paying the ransom does not guarantee that the victim will regain access to their files, and there is no way to verify that the attackers will decrypt the files once the victim pays the ransom.
In addition to the financial impact, ransomware attacks can significantly impact an organization’s reputation and customer trust.
Businesses must protect themselves against ransomware attacks, such as regularly updating their software and operating systems, using strong passwords, and implementing a robust backup and recovery plan.
Individuals can also protect themselves against ransomware attacks by being cautious when opening emails and attachments, using antivirus software and regularly backing up their data. It is also a good idea to be aware of social engineering tactics and to be cautious of any unexpected requests for information or to take action.
Steps to protect your device from ransomware
- Keep your operating system and software up to date: One of the most important things you can do to prevent ransomware attacks is to keep your operating system and software up to date with the latest patches and security updates. These updates often include fixes for vulnerabilities critical to your computer’s security.
- Use strong, unique passwords: A strong and unique password is one of the best defences against ransomware attacks. Avoid using the same password for multiple accounts, and use a password manager to help you generate and store secure passwords.
- Enable two-factor authentication: Two-factor authentication (2FA) adds an extra layer of security to your accounts by requiring you to enter a code sent to your phone or email in addition to your password. It makes it much harder for attackers to gain access to your accounts.
- Be cautious when opening emails and attachments: Ransomware spreads through phishing emails and malicious attachments. Be careful when opening emails and attachments, especially if you didn’t expect to receive them or if they seem suspicious.
- Enable the built-in firewall on your computer: The firewall helps to protect your computer from malicious traffic by blocking incoming connections from the internet. Make sure to enable it on your computer.
- Use antivirus software: Antivirus software can help to protect your computer against ransomware by scanning your system for viruses and other malware. Make sure to keep your antivirus software up to date and run regular scans.
- Enable the “Show file extensions” setting: By default, Windows hides file extensions (e.g., .exe, .docx, etc.) to make it easier for users to identify files. However, this can also make it easier for attackers to trick you into opening a malicious file. Enabling the “Show file extensions” setting will make it easier to identify potentially dangerous files.
- Back up your data: Regularly backing up your data can help to protect you against ransomware attacks. If you do fall victim to an attack, you’ll have a copy of your data that you can use to restore your files.
- Use a pop-up blocker: Attackers often use pop-up windows to spread malware, including ransomware. Use a pop-up blocker to help prevent these types of attacks.
- Be aware of social engineering tactics: Ransomware attackers often use social engineering tactics, such as pretending to be a legitimate company or using urgency to trick you into taking action. Be aware of these tactics, and don’t let them rush you into making a decision. If you receive an unexpected request for information or to take some action, take the time to verify the request’s legitimacy before proceeding.
In conclusion, ransomware thrives when the victim is not watchful or conscious.
To learn more, here are some fantastic articles on security.
